Guide to Toxins

Toxins Laboratory Guide

The Toxins Laboratory specializes in creating Tank Transfer Valve (TTV) bombs using precisely controlled gas mixtures. These devices exploit the exothermic reaction between plasma and oxygen under specific temperature and pressure conditions to generate controlled explosions for research purposes.

Overview

• Two tanks (e.g. plasma and oxygen) are attached to a Tank Transfer Valve.
• An assembly (signaller, timer, or proximity sensor) is attached to trigger the valve.
• When the valve opens, gases merge into one tank; the mixture reacts and the tank ignite() proc runs.
• Explosion strength depends on fuel moles and the temperature of the mixed gas.

How TTV Bombs Work

Core Mechanics

• Fuel formula (from code): fuel_moles = plasma_moles + (oxygen_moles ÷ 6)
• Temperature thresholds: When the valve opens, the merged gas temperature determines which formula applies and the maximum explosion type.
• Pressure: Higher pressure in the tanks means more moles in the same volume; heating/cooling loops are used to achieve target pressures before transfer.

Explosion Strength Calculation

When the valve opens, gases merge into one tank. That tank’s ignite() uses:

Mixed gas temperature	Strength formula	Max explosion type (code)
>400°C (673 K)	strength = fuel_moles ÷ 15	Full devastation (devastation, heavy, light, flash radii)
250–400°C (523–673 K)	strength = fuel_moles ÷ 20	Heavy damage (no devastation radius)
100–250°C (373–523 K)	strength = fuel_moles ÷ 25	Light damage only
<100°C (373 K)	No explosion	Gas release only (hotspot_expose)

For strength ≥1 the code calls explosion(epicenter, devastation, heavy, light, flash) with the appropriate radii derived from strength. Lower strength values use reduced or no explosion.

Key Chemical Properties

• Plasma: Primary fuel. Heating (e.g. to ~450 K or higher) increases reactivity and helps exceed the 400°C threshold when mixed with oxygen.
• Oxygen: Oxidizer; counts as fuel at 1/6 efficiency (oxygen_moles ÷ 6). Cooling (e.g. to ~200 K) increases density so more moles fit in the tank.
• Temperature differential: Cold oxygen + hot plasma in separate tanks maximize moles per tank; when mixed, temperature must be high enough for the desired tier (ideally >673 K for maximum effect).
• Plasma flashpoint (code define): 519 K (246°C) — used for autoignition in air; tank ignition uses the thresholds above.

Laboratory Procedure

Phase 1: Gas Preparation

1. Attach tanks to the heating and cooling loops in the toxins lab.
2. Oxygen tank: Cool to ~200 K and fill to target pressure (e.g. ~900 kPa) so that when transferred, density is high. Cold O₂ gives more moles per tank.
3. Plasma tank: Heat to high temperature (e.g. ~450 K or higher) and fill to target pressure (e.g. ~2200 kPa). Hot plasma is the main fuel and helps the mix exceed 400°C when merged.
4. Monitor pressure and temperature on the loop readouts; avoid exceeding tank rupture/fragment limits.

Phase 2: Assembly Construction

1. Set signaller frequency (and code, if used) for remote detonation.
2. Note target strength or “KES” (e.g. for range testing) based on fuel_moles and intended temperature tier.
3. Empty canisters as needed using a portable pump on the loop output.
4. Fill the plasma and oxygen canisters from the loops to the desired pressures.
5. Attach both tanks to the Tank Transfer Valve.
6. Attach the trigger assembly (signaller, timer, or proximity sensor) and secure it.

Phase 3: Deployment

1. Move the TTV assembly to the test range or deployment location.
2. Arm the device (e.g. set timer or enable proximity).
3. Detonate remotely via signaller, or let the timer/proximity trigger the valve. When the valve opens, gases merge and the tank ignites.

Temperature Settings for Loops

Gas	Target pressure (example)	Target temperature (example)	Purpose
O₂	~900 kPa	~200 K (−73°C)	Dense oxidizer; more moles per tank
Plasma	~2200 kPa	~450 K (177°C)	Primary fuel; hot mix for >400°C reaction

Exact values depend on loop design and map; the goal is high plasma moles, sufficient oxygen moles, and a mixed temperature above 673 K for maximum strength.

Tank Pressure Limits (Code)

Staying below these avoids accidental rupture or fragmentation:

Limit	Value (code)	Effect
Leak	30 × 101.325 kPa ≈ 3039 kPa	Tank starts leaking (integrity loss over time)
Rupture	40 × 101.325 kPa ≈ 4053 kPa	Tank spills all contents; no explosion by itself
Fragment	50 × 101.325 kPa ≈ 5066 kPa	Tank causes an explosion; range = (pressure − 5066) ÷ 1013.25 (then scaled to devastation/heavy/light/flash with caps)

Recommended working pressure is well below 4053 kPa (e.g. ≤900 kPa in the reference guide) to keep a safety margin. Never exceed fragment pressure in normal operation.

Explosion Radius Reference

Approximate relationship between mixed-gas pressure/strength and effect (for comparison with in-game testing). Exact radii depend on fuel_moles, temperature tier, and map bomb caps.

Low–Medium Range (400–600 kPa mixed / equivalent strength)

Pressure (approx)	Explosion radius (approx)
400 kPa	10
430 kPa	11
450 kPa	11
470 kPa	14
480 kPa	14
550 kPa	17
580 kPa	18
590 kPa	18
595 kPa	21
600 kPa	21

High Range (650–900 kPa)

Pressure (approx)	Explosion radius (approx)
650 kPa	22
720 kPa	25
760 kPa	28
780 kPa	29
790 kPa	29
800 kPa	31
820 kPa	31
850 kPa	32
870 kPa	35
900 kPa	35

Key Observations & Advanced Theory

Optimal Pressure Thresholds

• ~470 kPa: First major efficiency jump (e.g. radius 11 → 14).
• ~595 kPa: Second efficiency spike (e.g. 18 → 21).
• ~870 kPa: High end; diminishing returns above this.

Pressure–Radius Scaling

• Linear growth at lower pressures; discrete “steps” at certain thresholds.
• At very high pressures, bomb caps (BOMBCAP_DVSTN_RADIUS, etc.) limit maximum radii regardless of strength.

Gas Mixing Theory

Explosion strength depends on fuel_moles, not pressure alone:

fuel_moles = plasma_moles + (oxygen_moles ÷ 6)

So plasma contributes 1:1 and oxygen at 1/6; maximizing plasma moles (high temperature, high pressure in the plasma tank) is most effective.

Temperature Differential Strategy

• Cold oxygen (e.g. 200 K): Maximizes moles in the O₂ tank for a given pressure.
• Hot plasma (e.g. 450 K+): Ensures the merged mixture is above 400°C (673 K) for the strongest formula (fuel_moles ÷ 15).
• Combined effect: More fuel moles and the right temperature tier for maximum yield.

Safety Considerations

• Tank rupture: ~4053 kPa (40 atm) — contents vent, no explosion.
• Tank fragment: ~5066 kPa (50 atm) — explosion; range scales with pressure above this.
• Fragment scale: +1 range per ~1013 kPa (10 atm) above fragment threshold (before caps).
• Recommended maximum: Keep working pressure well below 4053 kPa (e.g. ≤900 kPa) to avoid accidental rupture or fragmentation.

Optimization Guidelines

1. Target ~595 kPa for a good balance of effect and safety.
2. Push toward ~870 kPa only when maximum effect is required and procedures are strict.
3. Monitor tank pressure; never exceed 4000 kPa in normal operation.
4. Prioritize plasma quantity over oxygen (6:1 efficiency ratio).
5. Maintain temperature differential (hot plasma, cold O₂) so the mix is >400°C when the valve opens.

Advanced Applications

• Research: Controlled material or structure stress testing.
• Mining: Precision rock excavation.
• Defense: Area denial or demolition (where permitted by role/server rules).
• Engineering: Controlled demolition or breach tests.

Quick Reference

• Fuel: fuel_moles = plasma + (oxygen ÷ 6)
• >400°C: strength = fuel_moles ÷ 15 (full devastation)
• 250–400°C: strength = fuel_moles ÷ 20 (heavy)
• 100–250°C: strength = fuel_moles ÷ 25 (light)
• <100°C: no explosion
• Rupture: ~4053 kPa — Fragment: ~5066 kPa